I know this will seem stupidly simple once someone explains, but my brain has been struggling for a minute and I was obviously impressed by this because it’s a screenshot of an advert that’s been sitting on my phone since forever.
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Full the 5L jug, then pour it into to 3L jug. Now there’s 2L in the 5L container, and the 3L jug is full.
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Dump out the 3L jug and pour the 2L into it. Now the 5L jug is empty.
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Fill the 5L jug again, then pour into the 3L jug until it’s full. There’s only room for 1L, so that leaves 4L in the bigger jug. Dump out the small jug, é voila!
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- Fill the 3L jug.
- Pour the 3L jug into the 5L jug. The 5L jug now has exactly 3L of water.
- Fill the 3L jug again.
- Pour the 3L jug into the 5L jug until it is full. There is now 5L of water in the 5L jug, and 1L remaining in the 3L jug.
- Pour out the 5L jug.
- Pour the 1L of water from the 3L jug into the 5L jug.
- Fill the 3L jug and pour it into the 5L jug. There is now exactly 4L of water in the 5L jug.