DDG/Mojeek are probably the best engines now. Here’s the Whoogle dev’s note:

As of 16 January, 2025, Google seemingly no longer supports performing search queries without JavaScript enabled. This is a fundamental part of how Whoogle works – Whoogle requests the JavaScript-free search results, then filters out garbage from the results page and proxies all external content for the user.

This is possibly a breaking change that will mean the end for Whoogle. I’ll continue monitoring the status of their JS-free results and looking into workarounds, and will make another post if a solution is found (or not).