“In 2021, Alvaro Chavez took a job doing wood framing for a new apartment complex in Saint Paul. The project was funded by Paster Properties, a prominent Saint Paul developer whose stated mission is “placemaking that strengthens communities.” But Chavez’s check came from Strong Framing, a nonunion subcontractor. When Strong Framing failed to pay Chavez for four weeks of work — $3,500 — figuring out who might pay was maddening: Strong Framing had been hired by U.S. Framing, which had been hired by the general contractor, Yellow Tree, which had been hired by Paster.”