I don’t have much advice for you. If your phone was on the latest iOS patch, you have been hit with a zero day. Which is quite expensive. So someone has spent a lot of money to find out where you are.
If this would hit me. I would put the phone in airplane mode, to keep them out. And consider the device lost. It is hard to recover from this. Since you are never sure if they are still in the device.
On the personal side. Someone was VERY interested in your whereabouts. They possibly exfiltrated more data. So you, or someone near you, is a high profile target. Be aware of this and act accordingly.
Someone mentioned you should harden your next phone, lockdown mode, I second that. Perhaps look into Yubikeys for 2FA, to protect your online accounts.
If you are in Brazil, find a place to cool the laptop before turning it on again!